LaTeX Reference for Equation Editor

Using the Equation Editor

Type LaTeX commands directly into the equation editor or use the on-screen keyboard. All commands start with a backslash (\) followed by the command name

Basic Operations

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\pm`	$\pm$	Plus-minus
`\mp`	$\mp$	Minus-plus
`\times`	$\times$	Multiplication
`\div`	$\div$	Division
`\cdot`	$\cdot$	Center dot
`\ast`	$*$	Asterisk

Fractions & Roots

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\frac{a}{b}`	$\frac{a}{b}$	Fraction
`\sqrt{x}`	$\sqrt{x}$	Square root
`\sqrt[n]{x}`	$\sqrt[n]{x}$	nth root
`\dfrac{a}{b}`	$\frac{a}{b}$	Display fraction (larger)

Superscripts & Subscripts

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`x^{2}`	$x^{2}$	Superscript
`x_{1}`	$x_{1}$	Subscript
`x^{2}_{1}`	$x_{1}^{2}$	Both super and subscript
`e^{x}`	$e^{x}$	Exponential

Integrals

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\int`	$\int$	Integral
`\int_{a}^{b}`	$\int_{a}^{b}$	Definite integral
`\oint`	$\oint$	Contour integral
`\iint`	$\iint$	Double integral
`\iiint`	$∭$	Triple integral

Summations & Products

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\sum`	$\sum$	Summation
`\sum_{i=1}^{n}`	$\sum_{i = 1}^{n}$	Summation with limits
`\prod`	$\prod$	Product
`\prod_{i=1}^{n}`	$\prod_{i = 1}^{n}$	Product with limits
`\coprod`	$∐$	Coproduct

Limits & Derivatives

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\lim`	$lim$	Limit
`\lim_{x \to 0}`	$lim_{x \to 0}$	Limit as x approaches 0
`\frac{d}{dx}`	$\frac{d}{d x}$	Derivative
`\frac{\partial}{\partial x}`	$\frac{\partial}{\partial x}$	Partial derivative
`f'(x)`	$f^{'} (x)$	Prime notation

Greek Letters

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\alpha`	$α$	Alpha
`\beta`	$β$	Beta
`\gamma`	$γ$	Gamma
`\delta`	$δ$	Delta
`\epsilon`	$ε$	Epsilon
`\theta`	$θ$	Theta
`\lambda`	$λ$	Lambda
`\mu`	$μ$	Mu
`\pi`	$π$	Pi
`\sigma`	$σ$	Sigma
`\phi`	$φ$	Phi
`\omega`	$ω$	Omega

Relations & Comparisons

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\leq`	$\leq$	Less than or equal
`\geq`	$\geq$	Greater than or equal
`\neq`	$\neq$	Not equal
`\approx`	$\approx$	Approximately equal
`\equiv`	$\equiv$	Equivalent
`\propto`	$\propto$	Proportional to
`\sim`	$\sim$	Similar to

Sets & Logic

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\in`	$\in$	Element of
`\notin`	$\notin$	Not element of
`\subset`	$\subset$	Subset
`\supset`	$\supset$	Superset
`\cup`	$\cup$	Union
`\cap`	$\cap$	Intersection
`\emptyset`	$\emptyset$	Empty set
`\infty`	$\infty$	Infinity

Arrows

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\rightarrow`	$\to$	Right arrow
`\leftarrow`	$\leftarrow$	Left arrow
`\leftrightarrow`	$\leftrightarrow$	Left-right arrow
`\Rightarrow`	$\Rightarrow$	Implies
`\Leftarrow`	$\Leftarrow$	Implied by
`\Leftrightarrow`	$\Leftrightarrow$	If and only if

Brackets & Grouping

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\left( \right)`	$()$	Auto-sizing parentheses
`\left[ \right]`	$[]$	Auto-sizing square brackets
`\left\{ \right\}`	${}$	Auto-sizing curly braces
`\left\| \right\|`	$\| \|$	Auto-sizing absolute value
`\left\\| \right\\|`	$‖ ‖$	Auto-sizing norm

Functions

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\sin`	$\sin$	Sine
`\cos`	$\cos$	Cosine
`\tan`	$\tan$	Tangent
`\log`	$\log$	Logarithm
`\ln`	$\ln$	Natural logarithm
`\exp`	$\exp$	Exponential function
`\arcsin`	$\arcsin$	Inverse sine
`\arccos`	$\arccos$	Inverse cosine

Chemistry

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\ce{H2O}`	$H_{2} O$	Chemical formula (water)
`\ce{^{12}C}`	${}^{12}C$	Isotope notation
`\ce{Ca^{2+}}`	${Ca}^{2 +}$	Ion with charge
`\ce{SO4^{2-}}`	${SO}_{4}^{2 -}$	Polyatomic ion
`\rightleftharpoons`	$⇌$	Equilibrium arrows
`\rightarrow`	$\to$	Reaction arrow
`\Delta H`	$Δ H$	Enthalpy change
`\Delta G`	$Δ G$	Gibbs free energy
`K_{eq}`	$K_{eq}$	Equilibrium constant
`[\text{H}^+]`	$[H^{+}]$	Concentration notation

Physics

LaTeX Command	Result	Description	Action
`\vec{F}`	$\vec{F}$	Vector (force)
`\hat{n}`	$\hat{n}$	Unit vector
`\nabla`	$\nabla$	Nabla/del operator
`\nabla \cdot \vec{E}`	$\nabla \cdot \vec{E}$	Divergence
`\nabla \times \vec{B}`	$\nabla \times \vec{B}$	Curl
`\hbar`	$ℏ$	Reduced Planck constant
`\Psi`	$Ψ$	Wave function (capital psi)
`\psi`	$ψ$	Wave function (lowercase psi)
`\partial_t`	$\partial_{t}$	Partial derivative with respect to time
`\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A}`	$\oint \vec{E} \cdot d \vec{A}$	Surface integral (Gauss's law)
`E = mc^2`	$E = m c^{2}$	Mass-energy equivalence

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